Macroscopic system and its properties

If a system contains a large number of chemical species such as atoms, ions, and molecules, it is called macroscopic system.

  • Extensive properties: These properties depend upon the quantity of matter contained in the system. Examples are; mass, volume, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, Gibb's free energy.
  • Intensive properties:  These properties does not depend upon the amount of the substance present in the system, for example, temperature, density, molar volume, specific volume, surface tension, refractive index, specific heat, freezing point, and boiling point.