2. Laminar Flow

Momentum transfer: \[\frac{\tau}{\rho} = \nu\frac{dv}{dy}\]

Heat transfer: \[\frac{q}{\rho C_P} = -\alpha\frac{dT}{dy}\] where \(y\) is the distance measured from the tube wall. \(\nu\) and \(\alpha\) are molecular diffusivities (laminar).